Exercise tasks - Python Programming Exercise

# Import necessary libraries
from datetime import datetime  # Import datetime module to work with dates

# Class to represent a to-do task
class TodoTask:
    # Constructor to initialize a task with date, description, importance, and category
    def __init__(self, day, month, year, description, importance, category):
        self.date = (day, month, year)  # Date stored as a tuple (day, month, year)
        self.description = description  # Description of the task
        self.importance = importance  # Level of importance (1 to 10)
        self.category = category  # Category of the task

    # String representation of the task for easy display
    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.date[0]:02}/{self.date[1]:02}/{self.date[2]} - {self.description} - {self.category} - {self.importance}"

# List to store all the tasks entered by the user (max 2000 tasks)
tasks = []

# Helper function to validate if a given date is correct
def is_valid_date(day, month, year):
    try:
        # Check if the date is valid by trying to create a datetime object
        datetime(year, month, day)
        return True
    except ValueError:
        return False

# Main program loop
while True:
    # Display the main menu to the user
    print("\nMenu:")
    print("1 - Add a new task")
    print("2 - Show tasks between two dates")
    print("3 - Find tasks containing certain text")
    print("4 - Update a record")
    print("5 - Delete tasks between two positions")
    print("6 - Sort tasks by date and description")
    print("7 - Find duplicate tasks")
    print("Q - Quit")
    
    # Get the user's choice from the menu
    choice = input("Enter your choice: ").strip().lower()

    # Option 1: Add a new task
    if choice == '1':
        # Prompt for the task date (day, month, year)
        day = int(input("Enter day (1-31): "))
        month = int(input("Enter month (1-12): "))
        year = int(input("Enter year (1000-3000): "))
        
        # Validate the date
        if not is_valid_date(day, month, year):
            print("Invalid date. Please enter a correct date.")
            continue  # Skip to the next iteration if the date is invalid
        
        # Get the task description, importance (1-10), and category
        description = input("Enter task description: ").strip()
        importance = int(input("Enter importance (1-10): "))
        category = input("Enter category: ").strip()

        # Create a new TodoTask object and add it to the list
        tasks.append(TodoTask(day, month, year, description, importance, category))
        print("Task added successfully.")  # Inform the user that the task was added

    # Option 2: Show tasks between two dates
    elif choice == '2':
        # Prompt the user for start and end dates (or use today's date if not provided)
        start_date_input = input("Enter start date (DD/MM/YYYY, leave blank for today): ").strip()
        end_date_input = input("Enter end date (DD/MM/YYYY, leave blank for today): ").strip()
        
        # Set start and end dates to today if the user presses Enter
        if not start_date_input:
            start_date_input = f"{datetime.now().day:02}/{datetime.now().month:02}/{datetime.now().year}"
        if not end_date_input:
            end_date_input = f"{datetime.now().day:02}/{datetime.now().month:02}/{datetime.now().year}"

        # Convert the input strings to date objects
        start_day, start_month, start_year = map(int, start_date_input.split('/'))
        end_day, end_month, end_year = map(int, end_date_input.split('/'))
        
        start_date = datetime(start_year, start_month, start_day)
        end_date = datetime(end_year, end_month, end_day)

        # Display tasks that fall between the two dates
        found = False  # Flag to track if any tasks are found
        for i, task in enumerate(tasks, 1):
            task_date = datetime(task.date[2], task.date[1], task.date[0])
            if start_date <= task_date <= end_date:
                print(f"{i} - {task}")  # Display the task details
                found = True
        
        if not found:  # If no tasks are found
            print("No tasks found in the given date range.")  # Notify the user

    # Option 3: Find tasks containing certain text
    elif choice == '3':
        # Prompt the user for a search text
        search_text = input("Enter text to search in description or category: ").strip().lower()

        found = False  # Flag to track if any tasks match the search text
        for i, task in enumerate(tasks, 1):
            # Search for the text in the description or category (case-insensitive)
            if search_text in task.description.lower() or search_text in task.category.lower():
                print(f"{i} - {task.date[0]:02}/{task.date[1]:02}/{task.date[2]} - {task.description[:50]}")  # Show the task
                found = True
        
        if not found:  # If no tasks match the search text
            print("No tasks found with the given text.")  # Notify the user

    # Option 4: Update a record
    elif choice == '4':
        try:
            # Prompt the user for the task number to update
            task_number = int(input("Enter task number to update: ").strip()) - 1
            if task_number < 0 or task_number >= len(tasks):  # Check if the task number is valid
                print("Invalid task number.")
                continue  # Skip to the next iteration if the task number is invalid

            task = tasks[task_number]  # Get the task to update
            # Display the current data of the task
            print(f"\nCurrent task details: {task}")
            # Prompt for new values, or allow the user to press Enter to keep the current ones
            new_description = input(f"Enter new description (current: {task.description}): ").strip()
            if new_description:
                task.description = new_description  # Update the description

            new_importance = input(f"Enter new importance (current: {task.importance}): ").strip()
            if new_importance:
                task.importance = int(new_importance)  # Update the importance

            new_category = input(f"Enter new category (current: {task.category}): ").strip()
            if new_category:
                task.category = new_category  # Update the category

        except ValueError:  # If the user enters an invalid task number
            print("Please enter a valid task number.")

    # Option 5: Delete tasks between two positions
    elif choice == '5':
        try:
            # Prompt the user for the range of tasks to delete
            start_pos = int(input("Enter start position: ").strip()) - 1
            end_pos = int(input("Enter end position: ").strip()) - 1
            if start_pos < 0 or end_pos >= len(tasks) or start_pos > end_pos:  # Validate the positions
                print("Invalid positions.")
                continue  # Skip to the next iteration if the positions are invalid

            # Display the tasks to be deleted
            print("\nThe following tasks will be deleted:")
            for i in range(start_pos, end_pos + 1):
                print(f"{i + 1} - {tasks[i]}")  # Display each task to be deleted

            # Ask for confirmation before deleting
            confirm = input("Are you sure you want to delete these tasks? (y/n): ").strip().lower()
            if confirm == 'y':
                # Delete the tasks from the list
                del tasks[start_pos:end_pos + 1]
                print("Tasks deleted.")
            else:
                print("Deletion cancelled.")  # If the user cancels

        except ValueError:  # If the user enters an invalid position
            print("Please enter valid positions.")

    # Option 6: Sort tasks by date and description
    elif choice == '6':
        # Sort tasks first by date, then by description
        tasks.sort(key=lambda task: (task.date, task.description.lower()))
        print("Tasks sorted by date and description.")

    # Option 7: Find duplicate tasks
    elif choice == '7':
        found = False  # Flag to track if any duplicates are found
        seen = set()  # Set to track descriptions already seen
        for i, task in enumerate(tasks, 1):
            if task.description.lower() in seen:  # If the description is a duplicate
                print(f"Duplicate task: {i} - {task}")
                found = True
            else:
                seen.add(task.description.lower())  # Add description to the set
        
        if not found:  # If no duplicates are found
            print("No duplicate tasks found.")  # Notify the user

    # Option Q: Quit the program
    elif choice == 'q':
        print("Exiting the program...")  # Inform the user
        break  # Exit the loop and end the program

    else:
        print("Invalid choice, please enter a valid option.")  # Display an error message for invalid input

 Output

Menu:
1 - Add a new task
2 - Show tasks between two dates
3 - Find tasks containing certain text
4 - Update a record
5 - Delete tasks between two positions
6 - Sort tasks by date and description
7 - Find duplicate tasks
Q - Quit
Enter your choice: 1
Enter day (1-31): 15
Enter month (1-12): 8
Enter year (1000-3000): 2024
Enter task description: Complete Python homework
Enter importance (1-10): 8
Enter category: Education
Task added successfully.

Enter your choice: 2
Enter start date (DD/MM/YYYY, leave blank for today): 
Enter end date (DD/MM/YYYY, leave blank for today): 
1 - 15/08/2024 - Complete Python homework - Education - 8