Household Accounts - C# Programming Exercise

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;

namespace HouseholdAccounts
{
    class Program
    {
        // Create a structure to store cost/revenue information
        struct AccountEntry
        {
            public string Date;         // Date in YYYYMMDD format
            public string Description;  // Description of the expense or income
            public string Category;     // Category of the expense or income
            public decimal Amount;      // Amount (positive for income, negative for expense)
        }

        static List accountEntries = new List(); // List to store all account entries

        // Method to add a new account entry
        static void AddNewEntry()
        {
            // Ask user for date, description, category, and amount
            Console.WriteLine("Enter the date (YYYYMMDD):");
            string date = Console.ReadLine();

            // Validate the date format (it should be YYYYMMDD, a valid date)
            DateTime validDate;
            while (!DateTime.TryParseExact(date, "yyyyMMdd", null, System.Globalization.DateTimeStyles.None, out validDate))
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Invalid date. Please enter in the format YYYYMMDD:");
                date = Console.ReadLine();
            }

            // Ask for description
            Console.WriteLine("Enter description:");
            string description = Console.ReadLine();
            while (string.IsNullOrEmpty(description))
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Description cannot be empty. Please enter a description:");
                description = Console.ReadLine();
            }

            // Ask for category
            Console.WriteLine("Enter category:");
            string category = Console.ReadLine();

            // Ask for amount
            Console.WriteLine("Enter amount (positive for income, negative for expense):");
            decimal amount = Convert.ToDecimal(Console.ReadLine());

            // Create a new account entry and add it to the list
            AccountEntry entry = new AccountEntry
            {
                Date = date,
                Description = description,
                Category = category,
                Amount = amount
            };
            accountEntries.Add(entry);
        }

        // Method to show all expenses of a certain category between two dates
        static void ShowExpensesByCategory()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Enter start date (YYYYMMDD):");
            string startDate = Console.ReadLine();

            Console.WriteLine("Enter end date (YYYYMMDD):");
            string endDate = Console.ReadLine();

            // Filter the list by date range and category
            var filteredEntries = accountEntries.Where(e =>
                string.Compare(e.Date, startDate) >= 0 && string.Compare(e.Date, endDate) <= 0).ToList();

            Console.WriteLine("Enter category:");
            string category = Console.ReadLine();

            // Filter by category
            filteredEntries = filteredEntries.Where(e => e.Category.Equals(category, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)).ToList();

            // Display the filtered records
            decimal totalAmount = 0;
            int count = 1;
            foreach (var entry in filteredEntries)
            {
                // Format and display each entry
                Console.WriteLine($"{count} - {entry.Date.Substring(6, 2)}/{entry.Date.Substring(4, 2)}/{entry.Date.Substring(0, 4)} - {entry.Description} - ({entry.Category}) - {entry.Amount:F2}");
                totalAmount += entry.Amount;
                count++;
            }
            Console.WriteLine($"Total amount: {totalAmount:F2}");
        }

        // Method to search for costs containing certain text in the description or category
        static void SearchCostsByText()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Enter text to search:");
            string searchText = Console.ReadLine().ToLower();

            // Find entries that match the search text in either description or category (case insensitive)
            var searchResults = accountEntries.Where(e =>
                e.Description.ToLower().Contains(searchText) || e.Category.ToLower().Contains(searchText)).ToList();

            if (searchResults.Count == 0)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("No records found.");
            }
            else
            {
                int count = 1;
                foreach (var entry in searchResults)
                {
                    // Display the result with description truncated if necessary
                    string description = entry.Description.Length > 50 ? entry.Description.Substring(0, 50) + "..." : entry.Description;
                    Console.WriteLine($"{count} - {entry.Date.Substring(6, 2)}/{entry.Date.Substring(4, 2)}/{entry.Date.Substring(0, 4)} - {description}");
                    count++;
                }
            }
        }

        // Method to modify a record
        static void ModifyRecord()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Enter the record number to modify:");
            int recordNumber = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine()) - 1;

            if (recordNumber < 0 || recordNumber >= accountEntries.Count)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Invalid record number.");
                return;
            }

            // Show current values for modification
            AccountEntry entry = accountEntries[recordNumber];
            Console.WriteLine($"Current values: Date: {entry.Date}, Description: {entry.Description}, Category: {entry.Category}, Amount: {entry.Amount}");

            // Modify each field
            Console.WriteLine("Enter new date (or press Enter to keep current):");
            string newDate = Console.ReadLine();
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(newDate)) entry.Date = newDate;

            Console.WriteLine("Enter new description (or press Enter to keep current):");
            string newDescription = Console.ReadLine();
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(newDescription)) entry.Description = newDescription;

            Console.WriteLine("Enter new category (or press Enter to keep current):");
            string newCategory = Console.ReadLine();
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(newCategory)) entry.Category = newCategory;

            Console.WriteLine("Enter new amount (or press Enter to keep current):");
            string newAmount = Console.ReadLine();
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(newAmount)) entry.Amount = Convert.ToDecimal(newAmount);

            // Save the modified entry
            accountEntries[recordNumber] = entry;
        }

        // Method to delete some data
        static void DeleteData()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Enter start record number to delete:");
            int startRecord = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine()) - 1;

            Console.WriteLine("Enter end record number to delete:");
            int endRecord = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine()) - 1;

            if (startRecord < 0 || endRecord >= accountEntries.Count || startRecord > endRecord)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Invalid record numbers.");
                return;
            }

            // Confirm deletion of records
            for (int i = startRecord; i <= endRecord; i++)
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"Are you sure you want to delete record {i + 1}? (Y/N)");
                string confirmation = Console.ReadLine().ToUpper();
                if (confirmation == "Y")
                {
                    accountEntries.RemoveAt(i);
                    i--; // Adjust for removed entry
                }
            }
        }

        // Method to sort the data alphabetically by date and description
        static void SortData()
        {
            var sortedEntries = accountEntries.OrderBy(e => e.Date).ThenBy(e => e.Description).ToList();

            // Display sorted entries
            int count = 1;
            foreach (var entry in sortedEntries)
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"{count} - {entry.Date.Substring(6, 2)}/{entry.Date.Substring(4, 2)}/{entry.Date.Substring(0, 4)} - {entry.Description} - ({entry.Category}) - {entry.Amount:F2}");
                count++;
            }
        }

        // Method to normalize descriptions
        static void NormalizeDescriptions()
        {
            foreach (var entry in accountEntries)
            {
                string normalizedDescription = entry.Description.Trim();
                if (normalizedDescription.ToUpper() == normalizedDescription)  // If the description is all uppercase
                {
                    normalizedDescription = char.ToUpper(normalizedDescription[0]) + normalizedDescription.Substring(1).ToLower();
                }

                // Update the description in the entry
                entry.Description = normalizedDescription;
            }
        }

        // Main method to run the application
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            bool running = true;

            while (running)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("\nChoose an option:");
                Console.WriteLine("1 - Add new expense");
                Console.WriteLine("2 - Show expenses by category");
                Console.WriteLine("3 - Search costs by text");
                Console.WriteLine("4 - Modify record");
                Console.WriteLine("5 - Delete data");
                Console.WriteLine("6 - Sort data");
                Console.WriteLine("7 - Normalize descriptions");
                Console.WriteLine("T - End application");

                string choice = Console.ReadLine().ToUpper();

                switch (choice)
                {
                    case "1":
                        AddNewEntry();
                        break;
                    case "2":
                        ShowExpensesByCategory();
                        break;
                    case "3":
                        SearchCostsByText();
                        break;
                    case "4":
                        ModifyRecord();
                        break;
                    case "5":
                        DeleteData();
                        break;
                    case "6":
                        SortData();
                        break;
                    case "7":
                        NormalizeDescriptions();
                        break;
                    case "T":
                        running = false;
                        break;
                    default:
                        Console.WriteLine("Invalid option.");
                        break;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}